Surah Tawbah

Sūrat Al-Tawbah (Arabic: سورة التوبة‎‎, "The Repentance"), also known as al-Barā'ah ("The Repudiation"),[1] is the ninth chapter of the Qur'an. It contains 129 verses and is one of the last Medinan chapters. It is the only sūrah of the Qur'an that does not begin with the basmala. This sūrah was revealed at the time of the Battle of Tabuk.

Verse 37 documents the prohibition of nasīʾ, the calculation of intercalation for the lunar calendar by the priests of the Banu Kinanah tribe of the Quraysh. This prohibition was repeated by Muhammad during the Farewell Sermon on Mount Arafat, which was delivered during the Farewell Pilgrimage to Mecca on 9 Dhu al-Hijjah 10 AH.

According to Zayd ibn Thabit, when the Qu'ran was first being compiled, he found the last verses of this sūrah in the possession of Abu'l-Khuzayma al-Ansari and no one else. In another account, Ubay ibn Ka'b informed Zayd that the Prophet taught him the end of this sūrah and recited the same verses. Some, like Ibn Hazm, suggested that Abu Khuzayma was the only one to have the last verses in written form, as Zayd and others had memorized them.